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SPECIALITY · PULMONOLOGY

Pulmonology in Türkiye — COPD, severe asthma biologics, lung cancer workup, EBUS-TBNA

Interventional bronchoscopy, biologics for severe asthma, polysomnography lab, lung cancer workup coordinated with thoracic surgery and oncology.

What you get
  • Pre-arrival pulmonology consultation with HRCT review
  • EBUS-TBNA for accurate lung cancer staging in one visit
  • Biologic therapy for severe eosinophilic asthma
  • Full polysomnography lab and CPAP titration
5 hospitals · 8 pulmonology professors · EBUS-TBNA · sleep lab
SECOND OPINION ONLINE

Second opinion from a pulmonology professor — within 48 hours, free

Send your HRCT, PET-CT, pulmonary function tests or recent biopsy — the professor returns a written second opinion within 48 hours, free of charge.

01
Upload your discharge summary
Discharge summaries, CT/MRI discs (DICOM), histology slides if available. Up to 200 MB.
02
Coordinator reviews
Selects 2–3 professors matched to your diagnosis and stage. Sends them your records.
03
Video consultation
The professor responds online — review of histology, protocol, travel plan if needed.
What to send
  • Discharge summaries from inpatient / outpatient care
  • CT or MRI — original DICOM discs
  • Histology report (if available)
  • Slides or blocks for review (optional)
  • Current therapy list
Request a second opinion
Free. Confidential. Anna Moroz reads every request personally.
10 PROCEDURES

What we treat in pulmonology

Obstructive and interstitial lung diseases, lung cancer workup, sleep medicine and pulmonary hypertension across JCI hospitals.

  • 01
    COPD (moderate-severe)
    METHOD
    Inhaler optimisation, biologics, pulmonary rehab
    TIMELINE
    3–7 days
    LAMA/LABAICSRehab
  • 02
    Severe / uncontrolled asthma
    METHOD
    Biologic therapy + phenotyping
    TIMELINE
    3–5 days induction
    OmalizumabMepolizumabDupilumab
  • 03
    Lung cancer — diagnostic workup
    METHOD
    EBUS-TBNA, PET-CT, MDT staging
    TIMELINE
    5–10 days
    EBUSPET-CTMDT
  • 04
    Interstitial lung disease (ILD)
    METHOD
    Cryobiopsy, antifibrotics
    TIMELINE
    5–7 days
    CryobiopsyNintedanibPirfenidone
  • 05
    Bronchiectasis
    METHOD
    Sputum culture, airway clearance, macrolides
    TIMELINE
    5–10 days
    CultureMacrolidesClearance
  • 06
    Pulmonary tuberculosis
    METHOD
    Multi-drug regimen, MDR-TB management
    TIMELINE
    programme
    StandardMDR-TBDOTS
  • 07
    Pulmonary hypertension
    METHOD
    Right heart catheter, targeted therapy
    TIMELINE
    5–10 days
    PAHRHCMacitentan
  • 08
    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
    METHOD
    Polysomnography, CPAP titration
    TIMELINE
    1 night + outpatient
    PSGCPAPBiPAP
  • 09
    Pleural disease / mesothelioma
    METHOD
    Pleuroscopy, talc pleurodesis
    TIMELINE
    5–8 days
    PleuroscopyTalcCatheter
  • 10
    Chronic cough
    METHOD
    HRCT-led multimodal workup
    TIMELINE
    outpatient
    HRCTEosinophilReflux
TREATMENT METHODS

Treatment methods in pulmonology

Interventional bronchoscopy, biologics for severe asthma, pulmonary rehabilitation, sleep medicine, antifibrotic therapy.

EBUS-TBNA
Endobronchial ultrasound for lymph node sampling and lung cancer staging.
3 clinics
Interventional bronchoscopy
Tumour debulking, stenting, cryotherapy.
3 clinics
Cryobiopsy
Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for ILD diagnosis.
2 clinics
Biologic therapy for severe asthma
Omalizumab, mepolizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab.
4 clinics
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Structured 6–12 week programme with exercise and education.
3 clinics
Pleuroscopy / medical thoracoscopy
Pleural biopsy and therapeutic intervention.
2 clinics
Sleep medicine (CPAP/BiPAP titration)
Full polysomnography lab and mask fitting.
3 clinics
Antifibrotic therapy for ILD
Nintedanib, pirfenidone for progressive fibrosing ILD.
3 clinics
DIAGNOSTICS

Pulmonary diagnostics

HRCT, PET-CT, full pulmonary function, EBUS-TBNA, polysomnography — completed within 1–3 days at a single hospital.

High-resolution CT (HRCT)
Gold standard for ILD, bronchiectasis.
30 min
PET-CT
Lung cancer staging and treatment response.
1 day
Spirometry / plethysmography / DLCO
Full pulmonary function testing.
1 hour
Bronchoscopy with BAL
Direct airway visualisation and lavage.
30 min
EBUS-TBNA
Mediastinal lymph node sampling.
1 hour
Polysomnography
Sleep study with full montage.
1 night
Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)
Functional capacity assessment.
1 hour
FeNO (exhaled nitric oxide)
Asthma phenotyping.
15 min
PRICE SNAPSHOT

Pulmonology pricing — Türkiye vs EU/USA

Final cost is determined by the medical board after reviewing documents. Prices are indicative.

Procedure Türkiye EU / USA Savings
Bronchoscopy with biopsy $1 200 – 2 200 $4 000 – 8 000 −70%
EBUS-TBNA $2 500 – 4 000 $8 000 – 15 000 −70%
HRCT $200 – 400 $1 000 – 2 000 −80%
PET-CT (whole body) $800 – 1 400 $3 500 – 7 000 −75%
Polysomnography $400 – 650 $2 000 – 4 000 −80%
Biologic course (3 months, mepolizumab) $3 500 – 5 500 $12 000 – 20 000 −70%
Pulmonary rehab (4-week programme) $2 500 – 4 500 $8 000 – 14 000 −70%
Cryobiopsy for ILD $3 500 – 5 500 $12 000 – 20 000 −70%
The information on this page is for reference only and does not constitute a medical opinion.
Request a precise quote for my case
QUESTIONS

Frequently asked about Pulmonology

I have a lung nodule on CT — what is next?
Size, density, growth and risk factors determine the workup. Sub-cm nodules: surveillance HRCT. Larger or growing: PET-CT, then EBUS-TBNA or CT-guided biopsy. All incidentals reviewed by a multidisciplinary team.
Severe asthma — am I a biologic candidate?
Yes if ACQ worsens on triple inhaler, ≥2 exacerbations/year, eosinophils >300 (mepolizumab/benralizumab), IgE-driven (omalizumab) or type-2 high (dupilumab). Decided by phenotyping.
Sleep apnea — surgery or CPAP?
CPAP is first-line for moderate-severe OSA. Surgery is considered if CPAP-intolerant or with anatomic obstruction. DISE (drug-induced sleep endoscopy) determines surgical candidacy.
Will my COPD improve in Türkiye?
Inhaler optimisation, smoking cessation, vaccination, pulmonary rehab and proper inhaler technique often improve FEV1 and exacerbation rate within 6 weeks. Biologic therapy (dupilumab) is offered in selected eosinophilic-COPD cases.
How does interventional bronchoscopy help diagnose and treat early lung cancer?
Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy combined with radial EBUS and transbronchial cryobiopsy reaches peripheral nodules under 20 mm with diagnostic yield around 85%. Linear EBUS-TBNA samples mediastinal stations 2R, 4R, 4L and 7 in the same session for accurate N-staging, replacing mediastinoscopy in most cases. Selected early central tumors are treated with photodynamic therapy or endobronchial brachytherapy under MDT review.
How is pulmonary hypertension classified and which medications are used?
PH is classified into Groups 1-5 per WHO: PAH (Group 1), left-heart disease (2), lung disease/hypoxia (3), chronic thromboembolic (4), and multifactorial (5). Right heart catheterization confirms mPAP >20 mmHg and PVR >2 WU. PAH-specific triple therapy combines a PDE-5 inhibitor or riociguat, an ERA (macitentan, ambrisentan), and a prostacyclin pathway agent (selexipag, treprostinil); CTEPH may be cured by pulmonary endarterectomy or BPA.
How is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosed and treated today?
IPF is diagnosed by HRCT showing definite or probable UPF pattern, with surgical or transbronchial cryobiopsy reserved for indeterminate cases, and confirmed by a multidisciplinary discussion. Antifibrotic therapy with nintedanib or pirfenidone slows FVC decline by approximately 50% and is started at diagnosis regardless of severity. Lung transplant referral is initiated when FVC <80% predicted or DLCO <40%, oxygen saturation drops on 6MWT, or acute exacerbation occurs.
REQUEST

Tell me about your case — I’ll read it personally.

Fill in the short form on the consultation page — diagnosis, preferred timing, attached records. We assemble a tumour board for your case and reply within 4 hours.

Open the consultation form
  • Reply within 4 hours during business hours
  • Confidentiality guaranteed
  • Coordinator-translator inside the doctor’s office
  • Tumour board of 2–3 professors within 72 hours